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A Cognitive Framework of Assessing Leadership: In the Context of Multi-Domain Operations

By Mehmet Akif Morkaya

This paper proposes a new systematic framework for assessing leadership as a fundamental component of Command and Control functions in the context of NATO Multi-Domain Operations. The study specifically explores the cognitive dimension of MDO beyond its physical and virtual dimensions. The central research question is structured as follows: How should a Cognitive Framework of Assessing Leadership be configured to enhance Command and COntrol (C2) effectiveness in the context of MDO? This study addresses the central research question based on two perspectives: On the one hand, there is sparse NATO doctrine or procedures for assessing the success of leadership within C2 structures, which may be because formal leader development is a national responsibility. On the other hand, Allies must reconsider building their recruitment, selection, training, promotion, and retention systems to deliver the right people with the right skills, as accentuated in the concept of MDO. This study has identified a lack of leadership assessment in NATO and argues that the success of NATO civil & military leadership needs to be predictably assessed through a cognitive approach to ensure resilient and adaptive C2. Therefore, this study adopts a conceptual approach by analyzing relevant literature and insights from leadership theories. Besides, the cognitive framework focuses on knowledge dimensions and cognitive processes. In conclusion, the Cognitive Framework of Assessing Leadership contributes to the C2 literature by providing an institutional mechanism to assist the Alliance in identifying leaders and staff who can cope with the future environment’s speed, complexity, and uncertainty.